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Types of breast cancer
Ductal carcinoma 65-90%
Ductal carcinoma is a
very common type of breast cancer in women. It comes in two forms:
infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), an invasive cell type; and ductal
carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a noninvasive cancer.
DCIS is the most common type of noninvasive breast cancer in women. Ductal
carcinoma refers to the development of cancer cells within the milk ducts
of the breast. In situ means "in place" and refers to the fact that the
cancer has not moved out of the duct and into any surrounding tissue. DCIS
can be difficult to detect by physical examination and is usually
discovered through a mammogram as very small specs of calcium known as
microcalcifications. However, not all microcalcifications indicate the
presence of DCIS, which must be confirmed by biopsy. DCIS may be
multifocal, and treatment is aimed at excising all of the abnormal duct
elements, leaving "clear margins", an area of much debate. After excision
treatment often includes local radiation therapy.
IDC, formed in the ducts of breast in the earliest stage, is the most
common, most heterogeneous invasive breast cancer cell type. It accounts
for 80% of all types of breast cancer. On a mammography, it is usually
visualized as a mass with fine spikes radiating from the edges, and small
microcalcification may be seen as well. On physical examination, this lump
usually feels much harder or firmer than the one with benign breast
lesions. On microscopic examination, the cancerous cells invade and
replace the surrounding normal tissue inside the breast.
Special histologic subtypes of IDC may vary in prognosis, survival, and
recurrence rates: the ones with histology of mucinous, papillary,
cribriform, and tubular carcinomas have a better prognosis, longer
survival, and lower recurrence rates than those with histology like
signet-ring cell carcinoma, carcinoma with sarcomatoid metaplasia, and
inflammatory carcinoma.
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History of breast cancer
Types of breast cancer
Risk factors and etiology
Age
Alcohol
Environmental causes
Genes
Hormones
Light levels
Obesity
Unproven
Prevention in high-risk
individuals
Prevention of
Environmental Causes
Symptoms
Screening
Diagnosis
Treatment
Surgery
Radiation therapy
Indications for radiation
Types of radiotherapy
Side effects of
radiation
Systemic therapy
Chemotherapy
Hormonal treatment
Targeted therapy
Preclinical
Flax seeds
Alternative medicine
Prognosis
Breast cancer in males
Spreading elsewhere
Breast cancer awareness
References |
